Mechanisms by Which the Type 1 Insulin-like Growth Factor Inhibition Enhances the Effects of Castration on Prostate Cancer Project Leader: Stephen Plymate, M.D. Co-leader: Bruce Montgomery, M.D. The lethal phenotype of prostate cancer is termed androgen-independent (AI), because it develops following castration in the presence of very low levels of
Mostaghel EA, Montgomery B, Nelson PS. Castration-resistant prostate cancer: Targeting androgen metabolic pathways in recurrent disease. Urol Oncol. 2009 May-Jun;27(3):251-7. PubMed PMID: 19414113. Emerging evidence suggests that despite testicular androgen ablation, residual androgens, likely of adrenal--though potentially of prostatic--origin, play a critical role in the progression of prostate cancer
